Teachers’ Day: Why Does India Celebrate It on 5 September?

Every year on 5 September, India celebrates Teachers’ Day to recognise the contribution of teachers in shaping students and, ultimately, society. But this date is not chosen randomly. It marks the birth anniversary of Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, a philosopher, scholar, educationist and former President of India. When his students wanted to celebrate his birthday, he reportedly suggested that the day should instead be observed as Teachers’ Day, turning his personal occasion into a tribute to teachers. India has since observed 5 September as National Teachers’ Day.

Remembering Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan

Radhakrishnan believed education was much more than memorising information. He saw teachers as people who could shape young minds and contribute to nation-building. His legacy is therefore remembered not simply because he became India’s President, but because of his contribution as a teacher, philosopher and educationist. The government also honours outstanding teachers through the National Teachers’ Awards, recognising those whose dedication has enriched students’ lives.

More Than Just a Celebration

Teachers’ Day is often marked by speeches, cards, gifts and cultural programmes. But its deeper meaning is to ask whether society truly values teachers beyond one day of appreciation. Teachers influence confidence, discipline, curiosity and character, yet they can also face heavy workloads, administrative pressure and changing expectations.

So, on 5 September, remembering Radhakrishnan should not only mean remembering a famous educationist. It should remind us of the larger question: Are we giving teachers the respect, resources and freedom they need to shape the next generation? Celebrating teachers is meaningful only when that respect continues beyond Teachers’ Day.